Do you mean Text, or more like continuous tone images?
That’s what Illustrator is for…..
"convert it to jpeg"
Which kills the vectors. If you want to keep the vectors intact, you need to save as PDF or EPS.
You can do vector text and vector shapes in PS. If you want to work primarily with vectors, IL, FH, or CD are better. If you convert to any bitmap format, you will loose the vectors: tiff, bmp, jpg, gif, etc.
Romero
What you suggest would possibly work for what you use Photoshop for, but for the vast bulk of PS functions, rasters are required. Think of retouching photos, for instance. How would they work as vectors? A vector created from a photo is no longer a photo, but a cartoon. Fine if you want a cartoon, but not so good if you just want a better looking photo.
As others have mentioned, tools like Illustrator do vectors, and PS does raster. They have added raster tools like the pen and vector type when it seems appropriate (early versions of PS dealt with text as rasters).
Thanks for making the comment though. It shows you are thinking about improving the program, and that can never be a bad thing.
You might also want to take a look at Adobe Streamline if you want to get an idea of what software does by itself when it tries to interpret full color images as vector artwork. The results are anything but photo-realistic.
Streamline has been without an upgrade for a good number of years now and it is highly likely that with the higher speeds and additional memory that are found in computers today, a piece of software optimized for newer systems could probably do a better job but it still wouldn’t cut the proverbial mustard without creating huge difficult to edit, and probably difficult to print/rip pieces of vector art.